原文:

系统需要越来越自动化，我们需要引入日志记录和异常捕获

管理员的操作记录需要被记录，看出哪些模块是频繁操作，分析哪些是不必要的功能，哪些是需要被优化的。

系统的异常需要被捕获，而不是将系统出错显示出来给用户就不了了知。我们需要异常日志不断改进系统。

我们老说用户，我们还没有用户权限的表，所以我们在Home中先加入一个虚拟用户吧!

首先我们创建一个用户类AccountModel放在App.Models下的Sys文件夹下

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace App.Models.Sys{    public class AccountModel    {        public string Id { get; set; }        public string TrueName { get; set; }    }}

在HomeController或者AccountController插入代码

AccountModel account = new AccountModel();account.Id = "admin";account.TrueName = "admin";Session["Account"] = account;

下面将带来系统日志的记录，主要记录管理员的增、删、改等操作的成功与失败的异常记录

日志插件有著名的log4net,可以输出多种格式，如文本,xml，数据库等，我们没有必要做到这么强大，我们只做符合系统的就可以了，记录到数据库，方便做统计等操

作,我们何时何地记录日志？

• 在Controller层做记录；
• 当用户的操作成功时记录；
• 当用户的操作失败时记录；

首先创建数据库存放表：SysLog

USE DBGO/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[SysLog]    Script Date: 11/20/2013 21:13:38 ******/SET ANSI_NULLS ONGOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ONGOSET ANSI_PADDING ONGOCREATE TABLE [dbo].[SysLog](    [Id] [varchar](50) NOT NULL, --GUID    [Operator] [varchar](50) NULL,--操作人    [Message] [varchar](500) NULL,--操作信息    [Result] [varchar](20) NULL,--结果    [Type] [varchar](20) NULL,--操作类型    [Module] [varchar](20) NULL,--操作模块    [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL,--操作事件 CONSTRAINT [PK_SysLog] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (    [Id] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]) ON [PRIMARY]GOSET ANSI_PADDING OFFGO

EF更新模型,创建SysLogModel类放在App.Models下的Sys文件夹下

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;namespace App.Models.Sys{    public class SysLogModel    {            [Display(Name = "ID")]       public string Id { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "操作人")]       public string Operator { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "信息")]       public string Message { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "结果")]       public string Result { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "类型")]       public string Type { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "模块")]       public string Module { get; set; }       [Display(Name = "创建时间")]       public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }    }}

创建SysLog的BLL层和DAL层

using System;using App.Models;using System.Linq;namespace App.IDAL{    public interface ISysLogRepository    {        int Create(SysLog entity);        void Delete(DBContainer db, string[] deleteCollection);        IQueryable
      
        GetList(DBContainer db);        SysLog GetById(string id);    }}
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using App.Models;using App.IDAL;namespace App.DAL{    public class SysLogRepository:IDisposable, ISysLogRepository    {        /// 
        /// 获取集合        /// 
        /// 数据库        /// 
      
       集合
              public IQueryable
      
        GetList(DBContainer db)        {            IQueryable
       
         list = db.SysLog.AsQueryable();            return list;        }        /// 
        
        /// 创建一个对象        /// 
        /// 
        数据库        /// 
        实体        public int Create(SysLog entity)        {            using (DBContainer db = new DBContainer())            {                db.SysLog.AddObject(entity);                return db.SaveChanges();            }        }        /// 
        
        /// 删除对象集合        /// 
        /// 
        数据库        /// 
        集合        public void Delete(DBContainer db, string[] deleteCollection)        {            IQueryable
        
          collection = from f in db.SysLog                                               where deleteCollection.Contains(f.Id)                                               select f;            foreach (var deleteItem in collection)            {                db.SysLog.DeleteObject(deleteItem);            }        }        /// 
         
        /// 根据ID获取一个实体        /// 
        /// 
                 /// 
                 public SysLog GetById(string id)        {            using (DBContainer db = new DBContainer())            {                return db.SysLog.SingleOrDefault(a => a.Id == id);            }        }        public void Dispose()        {                 }    }}
        
       
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using App.Common;using App.Models;namespace App.IBLL{    public interface ISysLogBLL    {        List
      
        GetList(ref GridPager pager,string queryStr);        SysLog GetById(string id);    }}
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;using App.IDAL;using App.Common;using App.Models.Sys;using App.Models;using App.IBLL;namespace App.BLL{    public class SysLogBLL: ISysLogBLL    {        [Dependency]        public ISysLogRepository logRepository { get; set; }               public List
      
        GetList(ref GridPager pager, string queryStr)        {            DBContainer db = new DBContainer();            List
       
         query = null;            IQueryable
        
          list = logRepository.GetList(db);            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(queryStr))            {                list = list.Where(a => a.Message.Contains(queryStr) || a.Module.Contains(queryStr));                pager.totalRows = list.Count();            }            else            {                pager.totalRows = list.Count();            }            if (pager.order == "desc")            {                query = list.OrderByDescending(c => c.CreateTime).Skip((pager.page - 1) * pager.rows).Take(pager.rows).ToList();            }            else            {                query = list.OrderBy(c => c.CreateTime).Skip((pager.page - 1) * pager.rows).Take(pager.rows).ToList();            }            return query;        }        public SysLog GetById(string id)        {            return logRepository.GetById(id);        }    }}
        
       
      

 

创建SysLog的Controller

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using App.Common;using App.Models;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;using App.IBLL;using App.Models.Sys;namespace App.Admin.Controllers{    public class SysLogController : Controller    {        //        // GET: /SysLog/        [Dependency]        public ISysLogBLL logBLL { get; set; }        public ActionResult Index()        {            return View();        }        public JsonResult GetList(GridPager pager, string queryStr)        {            List
      
        list = logBLL.GetList(ref pager, queryStr);            var json = new            {                total = pager.totalRows,                rows = (from r in list                        select new SysLogModel()                        {                           Id= r.Id,                           Operator= r.Operator,                           Message= r.Message,                           Result= r.Result,                           Type= r.Type,                           Module= r.Module,                           CreateTime= r.CreateTime                        }).ToArray()            };                      return Json(json);        }        #region 详细        public ActionResult Details(string id)        {            SysLog entity = logBLL.GetById(id);            SysLogModel info = new SysLogModel()            {                Id = entity.Id,                Operator = entity.Operator,                Message = entity.Message,                Result = entity.Result,                Type = entity.Type,                Module = entity.Module,                CreateTime = entity.CreateTime,            };            return View(info);        }        #endregion           }}
      

创建SysLog的Index视图和Details视图，我们暂时提示Index和Details，删除功能童鞋们自己扩展，我们有样例程序SysSample嘛，什么都是必然的了

@using App.Admin;@using App.Common;@using App.Models.Sys;@{    ViewBag.Title = "Index";    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Index_Layout.cshtml";}
      
       
       查询
       
       详细
       
       删除
      
      
      
      
@*Jqgrid*@@*operation*@

@model App.Models.Sys.SysLogModel@using App.Common;@using App.Admin;@using App.Models.Sys;@{    ViewBag.Title = "Details";    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Index_LayoutEdit.cshtml";}
      
    
       返回
      
@using (Html.BeginForm()){    
      
               
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Operator)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Operator)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Message)                
                         
                    @Html.TextAreaFor(model => model.Message, new { @style="height:100px;"})                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Result)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Result)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Type)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Type)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Module)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Module)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.CreateTime)                
                         
                    @Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.CreateTime)                
                    
               
          
}

 

有看过前面的童鞋，应该很熟悉这一步很机械化的创建了

1. 创建数据表
2. 更新到EF
3. 创建BLL和DAL层
4. 创建Model
5. 创建爱你Controller
6. 创建View
7. 注入到容器
8. 运行

你看了不累我都觉得累了，我们以后会讲用T4，我们自动生成

 预览下效果，你会发现我们的左边的菜单栏可以点出来了。oh yeh...(别忘记注入)

分页和详细都没有问题了。

接下来是是异常的捕获,我们在何时处理异常？我们没有处理的异常该怎么办？我们处理异常时出现异常怎么又怎么办？反正我是要捕获到这异常了...、

我们一般先对数据进行判断避免捕获异常，因为try catch会降低程序的性能，我们一般在业务层捕获异常,处理逻辑容易导致异常

• 处理异常出错，我们将输出文本格式，来记录异常
• 我们将写全局异常捕获来拦截异常
• 你觉得我们的系统后盾还不够强大吗？

创建异常存放数据表SysException

USE DBGO/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[SysException]    Script Date: 11/20/2013 21:17:44 ******/SET ANSI_NULLS ONGOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ONGOSET ANSI_PADDING ONGOCREATE TABLE [dbo].[SysException](    [Id] [varchar](50) NOT NULL, --GUID    [HelpLink] [varchar](500) NULL,--帮助链接    [Message] [varchar](500) NULL,--异常信息    [Source] [varchar](500) NULL,--来源    [StackTrace] [text] NULL,--堆栈    [TargetSite] [varchar](500) NULL,--目标页    [Data] [varchar](500) NULL,--程序集    [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL,--发生时间 CONSTRAINT [PK_SysException] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (    [Id] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]GOSET ANSI_PADDING OFFGO

EF更新模型,创建SysExceptionModel类放在App.Models下的Sys文件夹下

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;namespace App.Models.Sys{    /// 
    /// 异常处理类    /// 
    public class SysExceptionModel    {        [Display(Name = "ID")]        public string Id { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "帮助链接")]        public string HelpLink { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "错误信息")]        public string Message { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "来源")]        public string Source { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "堆栈")]        public string StackTrace { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "目标页")]        public string TargetSite { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "程序集")]        public string Data { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "发生时间")]        public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }    }}

创建SysException的BLL层和DAL层

using System;using App.Models;using System.Linq;namespace App.IDAL{    public interface ISysExceptionRepository    {        int Create(SysException entity);        IQueryable
      
        GetList(DBContainer db);        SysException GetById(string id);    }}
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using App.Models;using App.IDAL;namespace App.DAL{    public class SysExceptionRepository:IDisposable, ISysExceptionRepository    {        /// 
        /// 获取集合        /// 
        /// 数据库        /// 
      
       集合
              public IQueryable
      
        GetList(DBContainer db)        {            IQueryable
       
         list = db.SysException.AsQueryable();            return list;        }        /// 
        
        /// 创建一个对象        /// 
        /// 
        数据库        /// 
        实体        public int Create( SysException entity)        {            using (DBContainer db = new DBContainer())            {                db.SysException.AddObject(entity);                return db.SaveChanges();            }        }        /// 
        
        /// 根据ID获取一个实体        /// 
        /// 
                /// 
                public SysException GetById(string id)        {            using (DBContainer db = new DBContainer())            {                return db.SysException.SingleOrDefault(a => a.Id == id);            }        }        public void Dispose()        {                 }    }}
       
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using App.Common;using App.Models;namespace App.IBLL{    public interface ISysExceptionBLL    {        List
      
        GetList(ref GridPager pager,string queryStr);        SysException GetById(string id);    }}
      

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;using App.IDAL;using App.Common;using App.Models.Sys;using App.Models;using App.IBLL;namespace App.BLL{    public class SysExceptionBLL: ISysExceptionBLL    {        [Dependency]        public ISysExceptionRepository exceptionRepository { get; set; }                public List
      
        GetList(ref GridPager pager, string queryStr)        {            DBContainer db = new DBContainer();            List
       
         query = null;            IQueryable
        
          list = exceptionRepository.GetList(db);            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(queryStr))            {                list = list.Where(a => a.Message.Contains(queryStr));                pager.totalRows = list.Count();            }            else            {                pager.totalRows = list.Count();            }            if (pager.order == "desc")            {                query = list.OrderByDescending(c => c.CreateTime).Skip((pager.page - 1) * pager.rows).Take(pager.rows).ToList();            }            else            {                query = list.OrderBy(c => c.CreateTime).Skip((pager.page - 1) * pager.rows).Take(pager.rows).ToList();            }            return query;        }        public SysException GetById(string id)        {            return exceptionRepository.GetById(id);        }    }}
        
       
      

创建SysException的Controller

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using System.Reflection;using System.Text;using App.Common;using App.Models;using App.IBLL;using App.Models.Sys;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;namespace App.Admin.Controllers{    public class SysExceptionController : Controller    {        //        // GET: /SysException/        [Dependency]        public ISysExceptionBLL exceptionBLL { get; set; }                public ActionResult Index()        {            return View();        }        public JsonResult GetList(GridPager pager, string queryStr)        {            List
      
        list = exceptionBLL.GetList(ref pager, queryStr);            var json = new            {                total = pager.totalRows,                rows = (from r in list                        select new SysException()                        {                            Id = r.Id,                            HelpLink =r.HelpLink,                            Message = r.Message,                            Source = r.Source,                            StackTrace = r.StackTrace,                            TargetSite = r.TargetSite,                            Data = r.Data,                            CreateTime = r.CreateTime                        }).ToArray()            };            return Json(json);        }        #region 详细        public ActionResult Details(string id)        {            SysException entity = exceptionBLL.GetById(id);            SysExceptionModel info = new SysExceptionModel()            {                Id = entity.Id,                HelpLink = entity.HelpLink,                Message = entity.Message,                Source = entity.Source,                StackTrace = entity.StackTrace,                TargetSite = entity.TargetSite,                Data = entity.Data,                CreateTime = entity.CreateTime,            };            return View(info);        }        #endregion            }  }
      

创建SysException的Index视图和Details视图

@using App.Admin;@using App.Common;@using App.Models.Sys;@{    ViewBag.Title = "Index";    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Index_Layout.cshtml";}
      
       
       查询
       
       详细
       
       删除
      
      
      
      
@*Jqgrid*@@*operation*@

@model App.Models.Sys.SysExceptionModel@using App.Admin;@using App.Common;@using App.Models.Sys;@{    ViewBag.Title = "Details";    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Index_LayoutEdit.cshtml";}
      
    
       返回
      
@using (Html.BeginForm()){    
      
        
       
                    @Html.ValidationSummary(false)        
       
    
      
    
      
               
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.HelpLink)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.HelpLink)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Message)                
                         
                    @Html.TextAreaFor(model => model.Message, new { @style = "height:100px;width:550px" })                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Source)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Source)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.StackTrace)                
                         
                    @Html.TextAreaFor(model => model.StackTrace, new { @style = "height:100px;width:550px" })                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.TargetSite)                
                         
                    @Html.TextAreaFor(model => model.TargetSite, new { @style = "height:100px;width:550px" })                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Data)                
                         
                    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Data)                
                    
                    
                         
                    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.CreateTime)                
                         
                    @Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.CreateTime)                
                    
               
          
}

被忘记注入到容器。预览一下

由于时间关系，把异常和日志的应用放到一下讲吧。

然后我认为无目的的提供源码对园友的帮助是不大的，只能说你拥有一套源码，无论多漂亮都好，你自己不思考不动手，东西永远还是别人做出来的，真正遇到问题，是难解决，或者解决不了的，然而系统，我并没有完完全全把所有代码放出来，但是复杂的逻辑或者重点我都放出来了，正如上面，日志和异常的删除功能我没有放出源代码，就希望大家一起来完善这个强大的系统。

我希望大家如果有时间跟着来做，你肯定会受益匪浅